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Anti lock brakes vs regular brakes12/5/2023 In 1958, a Royal Enfield Super Meteor motorcycle was used by the Road Research Laboratory to test the Maxaret anti-lock brake. Maxaret, while reducing braking distances by up to 30% in icy or wet conditions, also increased tire life, and had the additional advantage of allowing take-offs and landings in conditions that would preclude flying at all in non-Maxaret equipped aircraft. īy the early 1950s, the Dunlop Maxaret anti-skid system was in widespread aviation use in the UK, with aircraft such as the Avro Vulcan and Handley Page Victor, Vickers Viscount, Vickers Valiant, English Electric Lightning, de Havilland Comet 2c, de Havilland Sea Vixen, and later aircraft, such as the Vickers VC10, Hawker Siddeley Trident, Hawker Siddeley 125, Hawker Siddeley HS 748 and derived British Aerospace ATP, and BAC One-Eleven, and the Dutch Fokker F27 Friendship (which unusually had a Dunlop high pressure (200 Bar) pneumatic system in lieu of hydraulics for braking, nose wheel steering and landing gear retraction), being fitted with Maxaret as standard. However, there was no public information of the test results. In 1954, Popular Science revealed that there was preliminary testing of the Decelostat system to prevent car swirling on a heavy brake by the US car manufacturers in Detroit. The device was on trials first in the United States and later by the British. By 1951, flywheel-based Decelostat was used in aircraft to provide anti skid in landings. Ī similar braking system called Decelostat that used direct-current generators to measure wheel slippage was used in railroads in the 1930s. Wässel, however, never developed a working product and neither did Robert Bosch who produced a similar patent eight years later. ![]() The first proper recognition of the ABS system came later with the German engineer Karl Wässel, whose system for modulating braking power was officially patented in 1928. An additional benefit was the elimination of burned or burst tires. In testing, a 30% improvement in braking performance was noted, because the pilots immediately applied full brakes instead of slowly increasing pressure in order to find the skid point. The use of the drum and flywheel meant the valve only opened when the wheel was turning. This causes the valve to open, allowing a small amount of brake fluid to bypass the master cylinder into a local reservoir, lowering the pressure on the cylinder and releasing the brakes. However, when a wheel slows down, then the drum would do the same, leaving the flywheel spinning at a faster rate. In normal braking, the drum and flywheel should spin at the same speed. The flywheel is attached to a drum that runs at the same speed as the wheel. These systems used a flywheel and valve attached to a hydraulic line that feeds the brake cylinders. In 1920 the French automobile and aircraft pioneer Gabriel Voisin experimented with systems that modulated the hydraulic braking pressure on his aircraft brakes to reduce the risk of tire slippage, as threshold braking on aircraft is nearly impossible. Francis introduced his 'Slip Prevention Regulator for Rail Vehicles'. The concept for ABS predates the modern systems that were introduced in the 1950s. This latter function, depending on its specific capabilities and implementation, is known variously as electronic brakeforce distribution, traction control system, emergency brake assist, or electronic stability control (ESC). Modern versions may not only prevent wheel lock under braking, but may also alter the front-to-rear brake bias. ![]() Since ABS was introduced in production vehicles, such systems have become increasingly sophisticated and effective. Although ABS generally offers improved vehicle control and decreases stopping distances on dry and some slippery surfaces, on loose gravel or snow-covered surfaces ABS may significantly increase braking distance, while still improving steering control. ABS operates at a much faster rate and more effectively than most drivers could manage. ABS operates by preventing the wheels from locking up during braking, thereby maintaining tractive contact with the road surface and allowing the driver to maintain more control over the vehicle.ĪBS is an automated system that uses the principles of threshold braking and cadence braking, techniques which were once practiced by skillful drivers before ABS was widespread. Symbol for ABS ABS brakes on a BMW motorcycleĪn anti-lock braking system ( ABS) is a safety anti- skid braking system used on aircraft and on land vehicles, such as cars, motorcycles, trucks, and buses. For other uses, see ABS (disambiguation).
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